Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
43-50
Received:
25 August 2023
Accepted:
18 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: Currently, the Ethiopian government has launched an extensive irrigation system in the country and is constructing various small earthen dams in each woreda. But there is a gap between the water potential that we have and the water needs for the command area that has not been adequately studied. To solve this problem, these researchers are trying to compare the potential of the existing dams and the water needs of the exiting command areas using a CROPWAT model. The main crops cultivated are tefe, wheat, corn, paper, cabbage, corn, etc. However, for this work, the researcher only admitted that the whole area was suitable for wheat because of suitability, need, ease of irrigation and agricultural practice as well of the dominant irrigation type of the community should be used. The gross area of the project area covers a total of 6,456 hectares. Of this, only 4,566 hectares of the command area has been used for agricultural purposes by the villagers of the study area, while 286 hectares of the command area is currently irrigated by Abrajit dams. From the CROPWAT software model analysis consequence we have agreed that the total artificial application of water request for the existing command area in the region at seventeen percent (70%) effectiveness is 179.5 millimeter and a net irrigation requirement of 123.1 millimeter of water. Currently, the irrigation system taking place in the study area is 77.4% of the dam's capacity. There is additional irrigation capacity in the study area that will allow 22.6% of the earth dams to be irrigated in the future without having to build an additional dam.
Abstract: Currently, the Ethiopian government has launched an extensive irrigation system in the country and is constructing various small earthen dams in each woreda. But there is a gap between the water potential that we have and the water needs for the command area that has not been adequately studied. To solve this problem, these researchers are trying t...
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Evaluation of Watershed Characteristics Effects on Stream Flow (A Case of Chacha Watershed, Abay Basin, Ethiopia)
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
51-61
Received:
31 July 2023
Accepted:
4 October 2023
Published:
14 October 2023
Abstract: Watershed characteristics of this study includes, land use or land cover, slope, and climate factors are an important factor that affects the streamflow in River basin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of watershed characteristics on stream flow in Chacha watershed of Abay basin. In this study, the streamflow in the Chacha watershed was simulated using the semi-distributed hydrologic model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The sensitive parameters analysis, SWAT output calibration, and validation for streamflow in the watershed were done using SWAT-CUP (SUFI-2-algorithm). The streamflow was calibrated, and results from calibration show acceptable range (0.88 for R2 and 0.82 for NSE) between observed and simulated stream flow respectively. The results of validation were also acceptable range (0.87 for R2 and 0.81 for NSE). In this study land use and land cover changes, climatic characteristics (rainfall and temperature variation), and slope variation of the topography were having an impact on the streamflow of the Chacha watershed. However, the land use and land cover impact have a more significant influence on the streamflow than other factors. This was due to the stream flow during 2018-LULC was increased by 6.8% over the 1998-LULC. This was the larger percent of increase over the other two factors in the study area. So, to reduce the streamflow in the study area model base land use mitigation measures was done for three basic scenarios by increasing the forest and decreasing the agricultural land with 5%, 10% and 15%. The result shows decreasing annual stream flow by 5.51%, 11.86% and 24.3% for each increment of forest land from the baseline respectively.
Abstract: Watershed characteristics of this study includes, land use or land cover, slope, and climate factors are an important factor that affects the streamflow in River basin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of watershed characteristics on stream flow in Chacha watershed of Abay basin. In this study, the streamflow in the Chacha wat...
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